If one universal law regarding the adoption of new technologies existed, it would be this: People will use digital tools in ways you can’t fully anticipate or control. The arrival of generative-AI-based technologies using large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Bard raises a critical question for leaders in all types of organizations: How can you manage employees when the capabilities at their fingertips are constantly changing and the effects of those changes are unpredictable?

A version of this article appeared in the November–December 2023 issue of Harvard Business Review.