Idea in Brief

The Challenge

Global players in search of double-digit growth are finding it in low-income, high-risk countries such as Myanmar, Mozambique, Vietnam, and Rwanda, where first movers can be handsomely rewarded.

Mapping the Opportunities

Compare a country’s industries along two dimensions: the degree to which profitability is determined by competition between firms rather than government influence, and whether the industry is focused on domestic sales or on exports.

Strategies for Success

Each of four industry categories is associated with a distinct strategy, ranging from the conventional (leverage existing capabilities, adapt to local tastes) to the unfamiliar (make yourself indispensable to powerful local players).

Global players in search of double-digit growth are running out of opportunities. Emerging-market giants such as Brazil, Russia, and China are experiencing an economic slowdown. They are increasingly expensive as a base for operations, and it’s harder to export to and import from these countries than it used to be.

A version of this article appeared in the December 2016 issue (pp.40–48) of Harvard Business Review.